Automated Transport Regulation Clinic

• Fundamentals of automated driving. Automated and fully automated vehicles, automated driving systems (ADS), the dynamic driving task, the operational design domain (ODD), and the distinction between a minimal risk manoeuvre and a minimal risk condition.

• The regulatory framework. International, European Union and Slovak rules and their relationships.

• Technical approval. Vehicle and ADS type approval, safety requirements, and the relevance of Regulation (EU) 2022/1426, UN Regulation No. 185 and UN GTR No. 26.

• Testing and trial operation. The significance of simulations and tests, the Slovak authorisation procedure, supporting documentation and the conditions governing a particular journey.

• Road traffic rules and ADS. Connecting the traffic rules of the country of operation with requirements for system behaviour and evidence of compliance.

• Human roles. Drivers, oversight operators, remote support and remote driving. Assessing roles according to the activities actually performed.

• Operational arrangements. Control centres, support availability, staff cover, suspension of a journey, on-site assistance and resumption of operation.

• Incidents and records. Reconstructing events, identifying gaps in evidence, data protection, cybersecurity and software updates.

• Liability and insurance. Basic liability relationships and insurance cover in automated transport.

• Legal recommendations. Connecting facts with legal provisions, explaining conclusions and proposing specific next steps.

1. Introduction and Preparation for the First Test

We will introduce the basic concepts and the shared hypothetical case. We will distinguish the vehicle’s technical capability, test results and legal authorisation for a journey. We will address the first question together: what does the project need to complete before it can prepare its first development test in road traffic?

2. Testing and Human Roles

We will examine what the submitted test results demonstrate and which questions remain unanswered. We will assess the activities performed by the human and the system during remote support. We will connect our conclusion with a specific legal provision and explain what further evidence is needed.

3. Operational Arrangements

We will consider support availability, staff cover and the response to changes in driving conditions. We will propose who should decide to suspend a test, who should arrange assistance and what needs to be checked before testing resumes.

4. An Incident and Its Records

We will compare the evidence relating to a hypothetical incident. We will distinguish recorded data from its interpretation and from legal conclusions. We will consider immediate measures, missing evidence and basic questions of liability and insurance.

5. Final Discussion and Recommendations

We will discuss the draft joint report. Each student will explain their contribution, the sources used and the reasons for their recommendation. We will check the consistency of the individual sections and agree on the remaining revisions before submission.